Nutritions in Patients with Diabetes

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Nutritions in Patients with Diabetes 

Overview 

The managements of  diabetic patients requires a multidisciplinary approach, and nutrition and physical exercise are two significant facets to help reduce diabetes epidemic.

Need our free e-book dietary control for diabetes ( PDF format ) drop your email in the comments box.

It's also a chronic illness that requires a holistic approach to care to prevent both acute and long-term complications.

Medical nutrition therapy (MNT) a very important therapy for diabetic and prediabetic patients so that adequate glycemic control can be achieved.

Lifestyle and dietary modifications form the cornerstone of therapy in type 2 diabetic patients (insulin resistance), therefore, medical nutrition therapy for diabetics can be divided into dietary interventions  and physical activity.

Dietary Interventions

Nutrition therapy for diabetic patients can be divided into prevention and continual management of glycemic control. The goals of nutrition therapy are as follows:

Primary prevention

Identification of the population at high risk (body mass index [BMI] >25) for obesity or prediabetic state, and implementation of diet and lifestyle changes to achieve and maintain weight goals to prevent or delay type 2 diabetes

Secondary prevention

Utilization of therapeutic modalities to attain glycemic, blood pressure, and lipid goals to prevent or delay the complications of diabetes

Tertiary prevention

Nutrition as a tool to manage the macrovascular and microvascular complications of diabetes, and to prevent or delay increased morbidity and mortality.

I will say there is no single ideal dietary distribution of calories among carbohydrates, fats, and proteins for people with diabetes.

Diatery intervention should be individualized while keeping total calorie and metabolic goals in mind.

Reduction in fat (such as saturated fats, trans faste and cholesterol) intake in diabetic patients is aimed at decreasing cardiovascular disease risk by reducing plasma cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol.

Need our free e-book dietary control for diabetes ( PDF format ) drop your email in the comments box.

Plant-based Diets

Plant-based diets have been shown to have a positive effect in both the prevention and treatment of type 2 diabetes in several clinical trials. Plant-based diets are effective in dietary approach for weight loss. 

Note
For patients who are on insulin therapy or oral hypoglycemics, being on a restrictive diet requires adjustment of dosage to prevent hypoglycemia.

Carbohydrate

Carbohydrates are necessary for energy, some vitamins, fiber, and as a major regulator of postprandial glucose levels. These types of carbohydrates (ie, starch, amylose, amylopectin) consumed reflects on postprandial glucose values

For good health, carbohydrate intake from vegetables, fruits, whole grains, legumes, and dairy products are advised over intake from other carbohydrate sources, especially those that contain added fats, sugars, or sodium. 

Saturated fat, cholesterol, and trans fat is the same as that recommended for the general population.Monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA) may benefit glycemic control and Cardio Vascular Diseases risk factors and is an effective alternative to a lower-fat, higher-carbohydrate eating.

Recommended for the general population, servings of fish at least two times (two servings) per week as a form of omega-3 fatty acids, because of their beneficial effects on lipoproteins, prevention of heart disease, and association with positive health outcomes.

Need our free e-book dietary control for diabetes ( PDF format ) drop your email in the comments box.

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