Stomach ULCER 2 (HOW TO IDENTIFY ULCER)

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Topic:  Peptic Ulcer Disease aka Ulcer

Patient complaint:

Depicting Abdominal Pain 


                                 Burning abdominal pain

Introduction:

Peptic ulcer disease is a popular stomach and duodenal disorder, with a ringing name of stomach ulcer among the populace. It is also one of the complications of gastritis and the most common symptom is upper abdominal pain at the region called epigastria (similar to gastritis)

Regional Area Of the Abdomen




Definition

It is a break in the superficial layers of the stomach and duodenal. It is also a defect in the gastric or duodenal mucosa.

Region of Stomach Ulcer



Types of Peptic Ulcer Disease

There are two types of peptic ulcer disease

Gastric ulcer (Stomach Ulcer): it is characterized by a gnawing or burning sensation that occurs after meal, classically, shortly after meal.  Gastric ulcer show no night pain.

Duodenal ulcer: it is characterized by a gnawing or burning sensation that occurs 2-3 hours afterward. In duodenal ulcer, there is awakening of the patient at night (night pain).




Causative and Aggravating Factors

Helicobacter pylori infection:  bacterial infection that has been implicated in peptic ulcer disease formation and other ulcer related conditions such as gastritis.

Medications: a lot has been said under gastritis as pertain to drugs causing ulcer. Examples are aspirin, analgesic (diclofenac , proxicam ,and ibruprofen).

Lifestyle such as smoking and alcohol, lying than down immediately after food, late night meal, starvation either directly via fasting or indirectly from sickness, irregular meal e.t.c

However, some patients have complained about the following food on taking excess consumption of roasted and frying to dryness food such as meat and fish, plantain chips for they seems to require more acid for digestion.

Severe physiologic stress such pregnancy, post traumatic conditions such as prolong state of bereavement.

Hyper secretory state, disease state where acid is produced in excess

Previous history of peptic ulcer disease in the patient which can reactivate on exposure to prolong use of NSAID and other causes.

Caffeine e.g. coffee, tea, collar




Clinical Presentation Of Ulcer

 Epigastric pain (upper abdominal ): common symptom for both gastric and duodenal ulcer.  It is a characterized by a gnawing or burning sensation that is usually relieved by meal or an antacid.  However, antacid and food has more relieving effect on duodenal than gastric ulcer.
The pain is often described by patient as sore-like (wound), hot and pepper- like pain.

A Peptic ulcer pain that radiate to the back is suggestive of a posterior penetrating gastric ulcer complicated by pancreatitis.

Dyspepsia, belching, bloating and distention

Fatty food intolerance, heartburn (chest discomfort)

Haematemesis (vomiting of blood) or melena (passage of dark stool in the absence of blood tonic) all resulting from gastro intestinal bleeding

Anemic (shortage of blood) symptoms:  such as fatigue, dyspnea.

Early satiety due to abdominal fullness

Unexplained weight loss in case of gastric ulcer

Progressive dysphagia (difficult in swallowing) or odynophagia (pain on swallowing)

Recurrent vomiting in severe cases

Complications of Peptic Ulcer Disease ( Ulcer)

Bleeding

Perforation

Gastric outlet obstruction

Weight loss

Anemia

In conclusion, peptic ulcer disease is a common stomach disorder that can be avoided if care is taken and is treatable.

However, there are other stomach disorders medically but I choose to educate and treat these two topics because they are common and encounter on daily basis

My next article presentation will be majorly the management of both discussed diseases.

Thanks for reading


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